In this guide, we will cover How does a synchronous generator work?, What is the difference between synchronous and asynchronous generator?, How is a synchronous machine excited?
How does a synchronous generator work?
A synchronous generator works by producing electrical energy through the rotation of a magnetic field in the generator’s stator windings. The rotor, which is the rotating part of the generator, is powered by a direct current (DC) supply, creating a rotating magnetic field.
This magnetic field interacts with the stator windings, inducing an alternating current (AC) in the stator. The frequency of the alternating current generated is synchronized with the rotational speed of the rotor, hence the term “synchronous”.
What is the difference between synchronous and asynchronous generator?
The main difference between synchronous and asynchronous generators is how they operate and are synchronized with the grid. A synchronous generator maintains a constant speed and frequency in sync with the grid frequency.
In contrast, an asynchronous generator, often called an induction generator, operates at a speed slightly different from the grid frequency and adjusts its power depending on the load and system conditions. Synchronous generators are often used in applications requiring precise frequency control, while asynchronous generators are more common in wind applications due to their simpler, more robust design.
How is a synchronous machine excited?
A synchronous machine is excited by supplying direct current (DC) to the rotor windings.
This direct current creates a magnetic field in the rotor, which then interacts with the stator windings to produce alternating current (AC). The excitation system, which may be a separate DC generator or an external power source, ensures that the machine’s magnetic field is maintained at the appropriate intensity for stable operation.
A synchronous motor operates by using a rotating magnetic field generated by the stator to interact with the magnetic field produced by the rotor, which is supplied with direct current (DC).
The rotor locks into the rotating magnetic field of the stator, causing it to spin at the same speed as the rotating field. This synchronization with the stator’s magnetic field gives the synchronous motor its name and allows it to operate efficiently at constant speed.
An inverter is not a synchronous generator. An inverter is an electronic device that converts direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC). It does not generate electricity but rather changes the form of existing electrical energy.
On the other hand, a synchronous generator produces electrical energy and maintains synchronization with the grid or other systems thanks to its rotation speed and its excitation system.
We hope this article about How does a synchronous generator work? was easy to understand.