Our focus today is on How does the voltage change on the transformer work?, How are current and voltage transformed?, How does a transformer work in simple terms?
How does the voltage change on the transformer work?
Voltage change in a transformer works based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. When alternating current (AC) flows through the primary coil, it creates a varying magnetic field around the coil. This magnetic field induces a voltage in the secondary coil due to Faraday’s law of induction.
The ratio of voltages between the primary and secondary coils is proportional to the ratio of the number of turns in each coil. If the secondary coil has more turns than the primary coil, the voltage is increased (step-up transformer). If it has fewer turns, the voltage is reduced (step-down transformer).
Current and voltage are transformed in a transformer based on their relationship to the number of turns in the coils. The power entering the primary coil (voltage multiplied by current) is equal to the power leaving the secondary coil (considering ideal conditions without losses).
Therefore, if the transformer increases the voltage, the current on the secondary side will decrease proportionally, and if it decreases the voltage, the current will increase proportionally.
This relationship is described by the formula: Vp/Vs=Np/NsV_p / V_s = N_p / N_sVp/Vs=Np/Ns and Is/Ip=Np/NsI_s / I_p = N_p / N_sIs/Ip= Np/Ns, where VVV is the voltage, III the current and NNN the number of turns.
How are current and voltage transformed?
Simply put, a transformer works by transferring electrical energy between two or more electrically isolated circuits through electromagnetic induction. An alternating current in the primary coil generates a magnetic field which passes through the core and induces a voltage in the secondary coil.
This induced voltage can then be used to power devices or systems at a different voltage level than the main input.
How does a transformer work in simple terms?
A transformer operates only on alternating current (AC), because alternating current provides a constantly changing magnetic field necessary for electromagnetic induction. Direct current (DC) does not create a changing magnetic field; this creates a stable magnetic field that cannot induce voltage in the secondary coil.
For a transformer to operate, current must alternate to maintain the changing magnetic field necessary to induce a voltage in the secondary winding.
If the primary voltage is increased while keeping the number of turns in the secondary coil constant, the secondary voltage will increase proportionally. Indeed, the voltage ratio between the primary and secondary coils is directly linked to the turns ratio.
For example, if the primary voltage is doubled and the transformation ratio remains the same, the secondary voltage will also double, assuming an ideal lossless transformer.
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