The generator of a wind turbine converts the mechanical energy produced by the wind turbine rotor into electrical energy. When the wind turns the turbine blades, the rotational energy is transferred to the generator, which then produces electricity. This electricity is then injected into the grid or used to power local systems, depending on the design and connection of the wind turbine.
In a wind turbine, the role of the generator is to transform the rotational energy of the wind turbine blades into electrical energy.
When the wind drives the blades of the wind turbine, the generator, usually an induction or synchronous generator, produces alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC) depending on its design. This electrical energy is then packaged and converted into the appropriate form for grid connection or storage.
The gearbox of a wind turbine increases the rotational speed of the slowly rotating rotor blades to a higher speed required by the generator. Wind turbines typically have a low-speed rotor and a high-speed generator.
The gearbox allows these speeds to be adapted by amplifying the rotation speed of the blades at the generator, allowing efficient energy production.
Wind turbines are controlled using a combination of mechanical and electronic systems. These systems manage the operation of the wind turbine by adjusting the blade angle (pitch control), the orientation of the wind turbine relative to the wind (yaw control) and the operating speed to optimize performance and protect the wind. wind turbine from extreme weather conditions.
Sensors and control systems continually monitor and adjust these parameters to ensure efficient and safe operation.
Wind turbines are generally not started with electricity. Instead, they rely on the wind to initiate their rotation. Once the blades begin to spin in the wind, the wind turbine’s internal systems generate electrical energy. However, in very low wind conditions, auxiliary systems powered by external electricity can be used to initiate initial start-up or to manage the turbine systems.