A photovoltaic panel is a device designed to convert sunlight into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect. It consists of multiple solar cells made from semiconductor materials such as silicon, which absorb light and generate direct current (DC) electricity. These panels are a fundamental part of solar energy systems, enabling the capture and use of solar energy.
A photovoltaic energy panel, also known simply as a photovoltaic (PV) panel, is a specific type of solar panel that converts sunlight directly into electrical energy.
The term emphasizes the function of the panel which consists of producing electrical energy from solar energy through the photovoltaic effect. It is used in a variety of applications, from residential solar energy systems to large-scale solar farms.
The function of photovoltaic panels is to convert solar energy into usable electrical energy. When sunlight hits the solar cells in the panel, it excites electrons in the semiconductor material, generating an electric current.
This current is then captured and directed to an inverter, which converts it from direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC) for use in electrical systems and devices.
The difference between a solar panel and a photovoltaic panel lies above all in their specific functions. While “solar panel” is a broad term that can refer to any device that captures solar energy, including thermal panels that heat water, “photovoltaic panel” refers specifically to panels that convert sunlight into electricity.
In other words, all photovoltaic panels are solar panels, but not all solar panels are photovoltaic panels.
A photovoltaic panel works by using the photovoltaic effect to convert sunlight into electrical energy. When photons from sunlight strike the semiconductor material of solar cells, they strip electrons from their atoms, creating a flow of electricity. This process generates direct current (DC) which is then carried through electrical wiring. An inverter typically converts this DC electricity into alternating current (AC) for use in household appliances and the power grid.