In this post, you will find detailed information on What are the instruments used in transformer?, Which are the instrument transformers?, What are the apparatus used in transformer?
What are the instruments used in transformer?
Instruments used in transformers include devices for monitoring, protection and measurement. Key instruments include temperature gauges to monitor transformer oil and winding temperatures, oil level indicators, pressure relief devices and Buchholz relays to detect internal faults. In addition, transformers are equipped with tap changers for voltage regulation, current transformers (CTS) and voltage transformers (VT) for measurement and protection, and cooling fans or pumps in units larger to manage temperature.
Instrument transformers, especially current transformers (CTS) and voltage transformers (VTS), are used for measurement and protection purposes in electrical systems. CTs break down high current levels to a lower, manageable level for measurement and protection relays, while VTs step down high voltage levels to safer levels for measurement and protection. These instrument transformers ensure accurate readings and provide isolation between high voltage equipment and low voltage instruments.
Which are the instrument transformers?
The apparatus used in transformers encompasses various components required for their operation, monitoring and protection. These include core and windings, insulating oil or other cooling media, bushings for external connections, preservatives for oil expansion, radiators or fans for cooling , tap changers to adjust voltage, and protective devices like fuses, circuit breakers, and surge arresters. Additionally, monitoring instruments like thermometers, oil level gauges, and pressure relief valves are essential.
What are the apparatus used in transformer?
Current transformer measuring instruments include ambients, voltmeters, wattmeters and protective relays. Ammunitors measure the current flowing in the circuit, while voltmeters measure the voltage. Watt Meters are used to measure energy consumption, and protection relays detect anomalies such as overcurrents or short circuits and trigger protection actions. These instruments are essential to ensure accurate measurements and maintain system stability and security.
Instrument transformers are used exclusively for AC (alternating current) applications. This is because the principles of electromagnetic induction, which are fundamental to the operation of CTS and VTS, require a changing magnetic field, which is only provided by AC. DC (forward current) does not create a changing magnetic field and is therefore not suitable for instrument transformers designed for AC systems. Therefore, CTS and VTS are an integral part of AC power systems for measurement, protection and control.
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